Antioxidants

Vitamin C.

Pure vitamin C is one of the most studied topical antioxidants, but is sensitive to light, air, pH and formula stability.

INCI name: Ascorbic Acid
Function: Antioxidant and skin-conditioning ingredient.
Information level: Established evidence
Last reviewed: 22 September 2026

What it does

May contribute to radiance, antioxidant protection and the appearance of uneven pigmentation; it does not replace sun protection.

Who may benefit

Skin that tolerates acidic formulas and seeks antioxidant support.

Compatibility

Vitamin E, ferulic acid, moisturisers and SPF 50.

Precautions

May sting on sensitive skin. A very dark colour or marked oxidation may indicate formula degradation.

How to use it

Often in the morning under SPF, but this depends on the formula.

Concentrations

Serums commonly declare different percentages; stability, pH and formulation matter as much as the number. WAI LAB does not estimate percentages from INCI.

HOW TO READ IT

What it means in the INCI list?

In the European Union, ingredients above 1% are listed in descending order by weight; below 1%, they may appear in any order. Their position therefore cannot be used to calculate an exact percentage.

Its position helps you understand the formula, but does not on its own establish effectiveness or an exact percentage.

SOURCES

Where the information comes from.

WAI LAB distinguishes cosmetic function, regulatory context and scientific literature. This information is not a substitute for medical advice.

FROM UNDERSTANDING TO CHOOSING

Products with Vitamin C.

59 catalogue products list a recognised form of this ingredient in their INCI.

59 resultsVerified profiles with declared concentrations appear first.