What it does
May encourage renewal and gradually improve the appearance of lines, texture and uneven pigmentation.
A vitamin A derivative among the most studied cosmetic actives for photoageing, texture and blemishes.
May encourage renewal and gradually improve the appearance of lines, texture and uneven pigmentation.
For users prepared to introduce it gradually and use daily sun protection.
Humectants, ceramides and barrier creams; SPF 50 in the morning.
May cause dryness and irritation. Avoid during pregnancy and when planning pregnancy unless otherwise advised by a doctor; do not initially combine with other irritating treatments.
Evening, starting a few times a week.
Percentages cannot be directly compared without considering stability, release and formulation. WAI LAB shows only those declared by the brand.
In the European Union, ingredients above 1% are listed in descending order by weight; below 1%, they may appear in any order. Their position therefore cannot be used to calculate an exact percentage.
Its position helps you understand the formula, but does not on its own establish effectiveness or an exact percentage.
WAI LAB distinguishes cosmetic function, regulatory context and scientific literature. This information is not a substitute for medical advice.
36 catalogue products list a recognised form of this ingredient in their INCI.
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