What it does
Often combined with niacinamide in formulas for dark spots and barrier support.
An amino sugar used for hydration, even tone and support of the skin's surface.
Often combined with niacinamide in formulas for dark spots and barrier support.
Various skin types.
Niacinamide, hyaluronic acid and SPF.
Presence in the INCI list does not automatically indicate an active concentration.
Morning or evening.
The percentage cannot be inferred from INCI order. WAI LAB shows it only when stated by a verifiable source.
In the European Union, ingredients above 1% are listed in descending order by weight; below 1%, they may appear in any order. Their position therefore cannot be used to calculate an exact percentage.
Its position helps you understand the formula, but does not on its own establish effectiveness or an exact percentage.
WAI LAB distinguishes cosmetic function, regulatory context and scientific literature. This information is not a substitute for medical advice.
97 catalogue products list a recognised form of this ingredient in their INCI.
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