What it does
May contribute to an even tone as part of a consistent routine with sun protection.
Used topically in formulas for uneven pigmentation and post-inflammatory marks.
May contribute to an even tone as part of a consistent routine with sun protection.
Skin with dark spots or post-blemish marks.
Niacinamide, alpha-arbutin, vitamin C and SPF.
Topical cosmetic use should not be confused with systemic medicinal use.
Morning or evening.
The percentage cannot be inferred from INCI order. WAI LAB shows it only when stated by a verifiable source.
In the European Union, ingredients above 1% are listed in descending order by weight; below 1%, they may appear in any order. Their position therefore cannot be used to calculate an exact percentage.
Its position helps you understand the formula, but does not on its own establish effectiveness or an exact percentage.
WAI LAB distinguishes cosmetic function, regulatory context and scientific literature. This information is not a substitute for medical advice.